Judicial mediation can be applied to disputes that also otherwise are brought before court. The difference of opinion between the parties concerned may relate to some dispute over a contract, legacy or injury indemnification. Judicial mediation may be appropriate also in cases concerning care of a child, visiting rights or maintenance of a child. In such cases, the child’s interests should be protected.

All civil disputes need not to be subjected to court-connected mediation: Consumer disputes, for instance, may be handled by a consumer adviser and the Consumer Complaint Board. As concerns criminal matters, there is a specific procedure for mediation in criminal cases.